Artificial intelligence surveillance technologies are spreading across multiple African countries as governments deploy facial-recognition cameras and vehicle-tracking systems in urban areas. Analysts estimate that more than a dozen countries have adopted AI-enabled surveillance infrastructure as part of smart-city modernization projects. Supporters argue these systems help improve public safety and urban management. However, human-rights researchers warn that the technologies could enable intrusive monitoring of political activists and public protests if strong data-protection laws are not implemented. Experts say the rapid expansion of AI surveillance in Africa highlights the growing need for clear regulatory frameworks governing data use and algorithmic decision-making.
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